What are the Various Types of Programming Languages

This post describes the different types of Programming language specifying what are there definition, examples and there syntax in which these languages are to be written.

What is the Programming Languages ?

It is the formal language comprising of the set of commands, instructions & other syntax used to perform work on the machine(computer).

Different Types of Programming Language:

There are mainly four different types of programming languages which are as follows:

Imperative or Procedural Programming Language

A program that consists of the sequence of statements and the execution of each statement causes the computer to change the value of one or more locations in the memory is called Imperative or Procedural Programming Language.

Syntax of such Language :

Statement 1;
statement 2;
.
.
.
.
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Statement n;

Procedural Language Examples:

FORTRAN, COBOL (Common Business Oriented Language), ALGOL (Algorithmic Language), BASIC (Beginner’s All-purpose Symbolic Instruction Code), C & PASCAL

Applicative or Functional Programming Language

The Programming Language that is designed to support the development of the program by giving the result of a function of a combined variable successive is known as Applicative or Functional Programming Language.

Syntax of such language:

function n(.....function 2(function 1(data)))

Functional Programming Language Examples:

ML(Meta Language), LISP(List Processing)

Rule-Based or Logic Based Programming Language

The programming executes by checking the presence of enabling conditions and when present executing an appropriate action is known as a rule-based or logic-based programming language.

syntax of such language:

enabling condition 1
enabling condition 2
.
.
.
.
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enabling condition n

Rule-Based Programming Languages Examples:

Prolog

Object-Oriented Programming Language (OOP)

Object-oriented programming is based on the concept of an object which contains data in the form of attributes and code in the form of a procedure known as a method. It allows the decomposition of a function into a number of entities called objects. And then, build data and function around the object.

Features of Object-Oriented Programming

• Emphasis as on data rather than procedure.
• Program are divided into object.
• Object may communicate through function.
• Follows Bottom-Up approach.
• Data is hidden & cannot be accessed by the external function.

Concepts related to Object-Oriented Programming

• Encapsulation: Bends data & function and keeps it safe.
• Data Abstraction: It selects important data from an object.
• Inheritance: It acquires the property & behaviour of the parent object.
• Polymorphism: Ability to an object to take many forms.
• Message Passing: It specifies the Communication between the object.

Object-Oriented Programming Language Example:

C++, C#, Python, Java